Epilepsia resistente a fármacos: definición y mecanismos

Contenido principal del artículo

MD Carlos Sequeira-Quesada https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4978-665X
María Céspedes-Valverde
Diego Delgado-Gómez https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2230-1643
Marianela Chaves-Jiménez https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3102-6416

Keywords

epilepsia, epilepsia resistente a los medicamentos, tratamiento

Resumen

La epilepsia es una enfermedad crónica que se caracteriza por crisis epilépticas recurrentes no provocadas debido a un aumento aberrante o a la sincronización de un grupo de neuronas. La epilepsia resistente a fármacos es cuando a pesar de utilizar dos o más fármacos en su dosis terapéutica, la persona sigue teniendo crisis recurrentes, esto afecta aproximadamente a un tercio de los pacientes. Existen múltiples hipótesis de mecanismos de resistencia, usualmente son variables y multifactoriales. Se puede dividir en tres grupos: mecanismos relacionados con la enfermedad, mecanismos relacionados a los fármacos y mecanismos genéticos. Aún faltan muchos estudios por realizar para comprender de una mejor manera estos mecanismos y generar diferentes propuestas de tratamiento.

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