Ménière's Disease: Complex Origins of Vertigo
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Keywords
vertigo, tinnitus, Meniere's disease
Abstract
Ménière's Disease (MD) is a rare condition of the inner ear characterized by vertigo, sensorineural hearing loss, and tinnitus. Although its exact cause remains elusive, it has been associated with endolymphatic hydrops, an excess of endolymph in the inner ear. An autosomal dominant genetic component has been observed in around 10% of cases. Diagnosis is based on clinical criteria, distinguishing between definitive and probable MD. For newly diagnosed patients, an initial conservative approach is suggested, which may involve lifestyle changes and dietary adjustments. Pharmacological treatment, such as betahistine, diuretics, and intratympanic therapies, is an option. In extreme cases, surgery is considered. Despite its challenges, a multidisciplinary understanding is crucial to address this complex condition effectively.
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